组合器模式

自己组合、嵌套自己，是一种处理复杂嵌套结构的设计模式。

ref: 组合模式 | 菜鸟教程

• Employee 中有 subordinates 允许 Employee 自我嵌套
• Employee 可以成为一个嵌套的树形结构

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
public class Employee {
   private String name;
   private String dept;
   private int salary;
   private List<Employee> subordinates;
 
   //构造函数
   public Employee(String name,String dept, int sal) {
      this.name = name;
      this.dept = dept;
      this.salary = sal;
      subordinates = new ArrayList<Employee>();
   }
 
   public void add(Employee e) {
      subordinates.add(e);
   }
 
   public void remove(Employee e) {
      subordinates.remove(e);
   }
 
   public List<Employee> getSubordinates(){
     return subordinates;
   }
 
   public String toString(){
      return ("Employee :[ Name : "+ name 
      +", dept : "+ dept + ", salary :"
      + salary+" ]");
   }   
}

public class CompositePatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Employee CEO = new Employee("John","CEO", 30000);
 
      Employee headSales = new Employee("Robert","Head Sales", 20000);
 
      Employee headMarketing = new Employee("Michel","Head Marketing", 20000);
 
      Employee clerk1 = new Employee("Laura","Marketing", 10000);
      Employee clerk2 = new Employee("Bob","Marketing", 10000);
 
      Employee salesExecutive1 = new Employee("Richard","Sales", 10000);
      Employee salesExecutive2 = new Employee("Rob","Sales", 10000);
 
      CEO.add(headSales);
      CEO.add(headMarketing);
 
      headSales.add(salesExecutive1);
      headSales.add(salesExecutive2);
 
      headMarketing.add(clerk1);
      headMarketing.add(clerk2);
 
      //打印该组织的所有员工
      System.out.println(CEO); 
      for (Employee headEmployee : CEO.getSubordinates()) {
         System.out.println(headEmployee);
         for (Employee employee : headEmployee.getSubordinates()) {
            System.out.println(employee);
         }
      }        
   }
}

• 在 demo 最后的打印过程中，可以看到是一个深度优先搜索

打印结果为：

Employee :[ Name : John, dept : CEO, salary :30000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Robert, dept : Head Sales, salary :20000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Richard, dept : Sales, salary :10000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Rob, dept : Sales, salary :10000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Michel, dept : Head Marketing, salary :20000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Laura, dept : Marketing, salary :10000 ]
Employee :[ Name : Bob, dept : Marketing, salary :10000 ]